A lithophane is a three-dimensional decorative object that, when backlit, reveals a detailed image or scene. Made from translucent materials like porcelain or, more commonly now, 3D printed plastics, lithophanes take advantage of varying thicknesses to create different shades of light and shadow. The thicker areas appear darker, while the thinner sections let more light through, creating a stunning visual effect.

Here’s a breakdown of its characteristics:

1. Material: Traditionally made from porcelain, but now often created using 3D printing technology with materials like PLA.
2. Design: The image is designed in 3D software, where depth corresponds to brightness. This allows for intricate details to be showcased when illuminated.
3. Lighting: Lithophanes are typically displayed with a light source behind them, such as a lamp or LED light, to highlight the image.
4. Uses: They can be used as lampshades, wall art, or decorative pieces, making them unique gifts or keepsakes.
5. History: The technique dates back to the early 19th century when it was popularized in Europe, particularly in Germany and France.

In essence, lithophanes combine art and technology, creating a beautiful interplay of light and imagery.